Episode 7 American College Campus Part 1

Notes - Episodes 5 and 6Colleges and common spaceIn episodes 5 and 6, we look at the history of the American college and university campus from the commencement of British American settlement through modern times. The open and public spaces of campuses, as well as the design of buildings and overall layouts, reflect societal trends, philosophies, and prejudices as much as the changing purpose of higher education itself. We explore starting with the first colleges, their charters and founding as institutions meant to educate upper class white men through the post World War II period that has seen a democratization of higher education.  Our moments in equity for these two episodes look at how college establishment and funding were intimately connected to the slave trade, slave labor, and the profits from the sale of slaves in the British colonies and in the pre-Civil War United States. ResourcesPaul Venable Turner, Campus: An American planning tradition (MIT Press 1987) A History of Stanford, Stanford University (Undated) – https://www.stanford.edu/about/history/  College of William & Mary, Wikipedia (Updated Feb. 17, 2022) – https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/College_of_William_%26_Mary Royal Charter (Feb. 8, 1693) [posted on Internet Archive Wayback Machine (Updated Mar. 26, 2012) – https://web.archive.org/web/20120529035803/http://scdb.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Charter#Transcription_of_the_Royal_Charter] History, Columbia University in the City of New York (Undated) – https://www.columbia.edu/content/history  Frederick Law Olmsted: College and School Campuses, National Park Service (undated) –  https://www.nps.gov/frla/learn/historyculture/college-campuses.htm  Judith Schiff, Resources on Yale History: A Brief History of Yale, Yale University Library (Updated June 22, 2021) – https://guides.library.yale.edu/yalehistory  Rebecca Woodham, David J. Trowbridge, and Clio Admin, Nott Memorial, Union College, Clio: Your Guide to History (August 1, 2021, accessed Mar. 15, 2022) – https://theclio.com/entry/6225  Benjamin Henry Latrobe (1764-1820), Dickinson College Archives & Special Collections (2005) – https://archives.dickinson.edu/people/benjamin-henry-latrobe-1764-1820  Benjamin Henry Latrobe, Wikipedia (Updated Nov. 23, 2021) –  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Henry_Latrobe  Lisa Chase, Imagining Utopia: Landscape Design at Smith College, 1871-1910, 65 New England Quarterly no. 4, p. 560 (Dec. 1992) – https://garden.smith.edu/sites/garden/files/imagining-utopia-lisa-chase.pdf  Jim McCarthy, Spotlight on…Gallaudet University, National Association for Olmsted Parks (Mar. 14, 2022) – https://olmsted200.org/spotlight-on-gallaudet-university/  Rebecca Beatrice Brooks, History of Cambridge, Massachusetts, History of Massachusetts Blog (May 30, 2021) –